3. Site Assessment
- 1. Let’s Go!
- 2. Goals Articulation
- 3. Site Assessment
Photo credit: Jen Salinetti, Woven Roots Farm
When assessing a place or piece of land, it is essential first to understand the conditions of the site: the soil, water, slope/topography, vegetation, access, infrastructure, and past or current human activities and impacts.
First, gather information about your site remotely by reviewing existing soil and aerial maps, historic land uses, and current climate information. Then, walk the site during different seasons and weather conditions to collect soil samples, make observations, survey vegetation, and identify microclimates. If possible, it is best to take a full year (or more) to complete a site assessment in order to understand how the site responds during different seasons and weather events.
Collect as much data as possible and make notes about each of the following categories:
| Remote | On-Site | |
| Maps/Landform | Aerial photos Topographical maps Property boundaries Local zoning bylaws | Position Slope Aspect |
| Soils | Soil type Soil texture Depth to the water table Drainage class Capability class Farmland designation | Collect soil samples: chemical and biological assay, organic matter, pH Comprehensive soil health assessment: compaction, bulk density, aggregate stability |
| History | Current and past land use Past pesticide use Past tillage | Human activities and impacts Surrounding land use Field access |
| Climate | Average rainfall Average temperatures USDA Hardiness Zone Elevation | Microclimates Wind Frost pockets Water features |
| Water | Watershed Wetland boundaries | Seasonal flooding Drainage patterns Erosion Water access Water quality |
| Vegetation and Wildlife | Bioregional information Common pests and diseases Endangered species Poisonous species | Dominant species Patterns of growth Habitats Predators |
| Infrastructure | Existing structures Water source and capacity | Building conditions Electric and septic service Fencing Vehicle access Future infrastructure needs |
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